The Social Movement Tricolour Flame ( it, Movimento Sociale Fiamma Tricolore, MSFT), commonly known as Tricolour Flame (''Fiamma Tricolore''), is a

neo-fascist Neo-fascism is a post-World War II far-right ideology that includes significant elements of fascism. Neo-fascism usually includes ultranationalism, racial supremacy, populism, authoritarianism, nativism, xenophobia, and anti-immigration sent ...

political party in Italy This article contains a list of political parties in Italy since Italian unification in 1861. Throughout history, numerous political parties have been operating in Italy, and since World War II no party has ever gained enough support to govern ...

History

The party was started by the more radical members of the

Fascist Fascism is a far-right, Authoritarianism, authoritarian, ultranationalism, ultra-nationalist political Political ideology, ideology and Political movement, movement,: "extreme militaristic nationalism, contempt for electoral democracy and pol ...

Italian Social Movement The Italian Social Movement ( it, Movimento Sociale Italiano, MSI) was a neo-fascist political party in Italy. A far-right party, it presented itself until the 1990s as the defender of Italian fascism's legacy, and later moved towards national ...

, led by

Pino Rauti Giuseppe Umberto "Pino" Rauti (19 November 1926 – 2 November 2012) was an Italian fascist and politician who was a leading figure on the radical right for many years, although Rauti was describing himself as a "leftist" and "non-fascist." Invo ...

, who refused to join the mainstream

conservative Conservatism is a cultural, social, and political philosophy that seeks to promote and to preserve traditional institutions, practices, and values. The central tenets of conservatism may vary in relation to the culture and civilization i ...

party National Alliance. Rauti was later ousted by Luca Romagnoli, who took over leadership. In the 2004 European Parliamentary Election the party gained enough votes in the Southern constituency to elect Luca Romagnoli to the

European Parliament The European Parliament (EP) is one of the legislative bodies of the European Union and one of its seven institutions. Together with the Council of the European Union (known as the Council and informally as the Council of Ministers), it adopts ...

. The party was then a member of the

House of Freedoms The House of Freedoms ( it, Casa delle Libertà, CdL) was a major centre-right political and electoral alliance in Italy, led by Silvio Berlusconi. History The CdL was the successor of the Pole of Freedoms/Pole of Good Government and the Pole fo ...

coalition for the 2006 general election. In the coming of the 2008 general election, Tricolour Flame formed a joint list called

The Right–Tricolour Flame ''The'' () is a grammatical article in English, denoting persons or things already mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. ''The'' is the m ...

with The Right of

Francesco Storace Francesco Storace (born 25 January 1959 in Cassino, Lazio) is an Italian politician and journalist. Biography He began his career at the right-wing newspaper ''Il Secolo d'Italia'', until entering the ranks of the neo-fascist party Italian Socia ...

, a splinter group of National Alliance, in support of the candidacy of

Daniela Santanchè Daniela Garnero Santanchè (; born 7 April 1961) is an Italian entrepreneur and a politician. Between 2010 and 2011 she served as Undersecretary to the Ministry for the Implementation of the Government Program in the Berlusconi IV Cabinet. She ...

for Prime Minister. On 8 November 2013, Luca Romagnoli, secretary of Tricolour Flame, together with the secretary of The Right

, the regent of

Future and Freedom Future and Freedom ( it, Futuro e Libertà), whose full name was Future and Freedom for Italy (''Futuro e Libertà per l'Italia'', abbreviated to FLI), was a political party in Italy, comprising both liberal and national conservative elements. F ...

Roberto Menia, the leader of I the South

Adriana Poli Bortone Adriana Poli Bortone (born 25 August 1943) is an Italian politician who was a Member of the European Parliament from 1999 to 2008. She represented Southern Italy. She was mayor of Lecce until 2007. Biography Born in Lecce, she became Assistant ...

Domenico Nania Domenico is an Italian given name for males and may refer to: People * Domenico Alfani, Italian painter * Domenico Allegri, Italian composer * Domenico Alvaro, Italian mobster * Domenico Ambrogi, Italian painter * Domenico Auria, Italian archit ...

of the association New Alliance, Oreste Tofani of the association ''Nazione Sovrana'',

Antonio Buonfiglio Antonio is a masculine given name of Etruscan origin deriving from the root name Antonius. It is a common name among Romance language-speaking populations as well as the Balkans and Lusophone Africa. It has been among the top 400 most popular male ...

of the association ''Il Popolo della Vita'' and Roberto Buonasorte, editor of the online newspaper ''Il Giornale d'Italia'', founded the

Movement for National Alliance The Movement for the National Alliance ( it, Movimento per Alleanza Nazionale) was a coalition of right-wing political parties in Italy, which was an unsuccessful attempt to refound the National Alliance. History On 8 November 2013, Luca Romagn ...

, a federation of right movements inspired to National Alliance. On 9 December 2013 the Central Committee of Tricolour Flame distrusted Luca Romagnoli, because he joined this initiative without having preventively sought the opinion of the same Committee, and Attilio Carelli became regent Secretary of the party. After the expulsion Romagnoli founded instead his new political movement,

Social Right Social conservatism is a political philosophy and variety of conservatism which places emphasis on traditional power structures over social pluralism. Social conservatives organize in favor of duty, traditional values and social institutio ...

. On 13 and 14 December 2014, the VII National Congress officially appointed Carelli as Secretary of the party. For the 2018 general election, it formed the

Italy for the Italians Italy for the Italians ( it, Italia agli Italiani) was a coalition of far-right neo-fascist political parties in Italy. It was founded to participate in the 2018 general election by the neo-fascist, New Force and Tricolor Flame The Social Movem ...

coalition along with the New Force party. At 2019 European Parliamentary Election the party decides not to participate. On 12 September 2021 the Central Committee of the party declared the Secretary Carelli officially lapsed due to the failure to present the budget for the year 2020. The same Central Committee, on 6 October 2021 conferred the mandate of Regent Secretary to Giuseppe Manoli. On 15 and 16 January 2022 the IX National Congress took place entirely on the

Zoom Zoom may refer to: Technology Computing * Zoom (software), videoconferencing application * Page zooming, the ability to magnify or shrink a portion of a page on a computer display * Zooming user interface, a graphical interface allowing for image ...

platform, on this occasion Daniele Cerbella was be elected as National Secretary.

Ideology

Tricolour Flame is the party of the Italian

far-right Far-right politics, also referred to as the extreme right or right-wing extremism, are political beliefs and actions further to the right of the left–right political spectrum than the standard political right, particularly in terms of being ...

most closely tied to the legacy of

Italian Social Republic The Italian Social Republic ( it, Repubblica Sociale Italiana, ; RSI), known as the National Republican State of Italy ( it, Stato Nazionale Repubblicano d'Italia, SNRI) prior to December 1943 but more popularly known as the Republic of Salò ...

(RSI). The RSI is usually seen by the party as the example of what

Fascism Fascism is a far-right, authoritarian, ultra-nationalist political ideology and movement,: "extreme militaristic nationalism, contempt for electoral democracy and political and cultural liberalism, a belief in natural social hierarchy an ...

should have been, in particular as an example of true welfare state. As a sign of this legacy, the party, for example, guarantees free membership for ex-RSI military. A press release from the Rome section of the party states: Tricolour Flame maintains a fairly strong

anti-capitalist Anti-capitalism is a political ideology and Political movement, movement encompassing a variety of attitudes and ideas that oppose capitalism. In this sense, anti-capitalists are those who wish to replace capitalism with another type of economi ...

stance, and it can be thought to be the Italian party closest to third positionist ideology along with the New Force and CasaPound parties. Recently Tricolour Flame has been peculiar, among Italian neo-fascist organizations, in actively trying to attract the young masses and renewing its political practices and communication techniques in a more modern, innovative fashion. Political manifests often tend towards attractive, modern graphics and clear-cut, even humorous slogans. Tricolour Flame is also very close to youth far-right organizations and initiatives, of which the most relevant is CasaPound, a

social centre Community centres, community centers, or community halls are public locations where members of a community tend to gather for group activities, social support, public information, and other purposes. They may sometimes be open for the whole co ...

Rome , established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus (legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption ...

. The party is against the regionalism promoted by the Northern League for an independent "

Padania Padania (, also , ) is an alternative name and proposed independent state encompassing Northern Italy, derived from the name of the Po River (Latin ''Padus''), whose basin includes much of the region, centered on the Po Valley (), the major pla ...

", instead favoring a united Italy.

Membership

Among the more controversial members of Tricolur Flame are Pietro Puschiavo and Maurizio Boccacci. In 1985 Puschiavo was a founding member of the Veneto Skinheads Front, a far-right skinhead group based in

Veneto Veneto (, ; vec, Vèneto ) or Venetia is one of the 20 regions of Italy. Its population is about five million, ranking fourth in Italy. The region's capital is Venice while the biggest city is Verona. Veneto was part of the Roman Empire unt ...

and connected to

Blood and Honour Blood & Honour is a neo-Nazi music promotion network and right-wing extremist political group founded in the United Kingdom by Ian Stuart Donaldson and Nicky Crane in 1987. It is composed of White Nationalists and has links to Combat 18. Some ...

. Boccacci is the former leader of the Western Political Movement, a far-right skinhead organization based in Rome.Stephen Roth Institute: Antisemitism And Racism

Election results

Leadership

*Secretary:

(1995–2002), Luca Romagnoli (2002–2013),

Attilio Carelli Saint Attilio, one of the legendary martyrs of the Theban Legion, is venerated as a saint in the area of Trino Vercellese, in Piedmont, north-west Italy and commemorated on 28 June. However his cult is no longer officially recognized by the Rom ...

(2013–2021), Giuseppe Manoli (2021–present) *President: Romolo Sabatini (1995–2000), Stelvio Dal Piaz (2000–2002),

(2002–2004), Rocco Tauro (2004–2013),

(2013–2014), Francesco Condorelli Caff (2014–present) *Honorary President: Manlio Sargenti (1995–2001), Alessandro Bordoni (2013–2018), Carlo Morganti (2018–present)

References

External links

Official websiteFootage of a Tricolur Flame rally in Rome
{{Alliance of European National Movements 1995 establishments in Italy Political parties established in 1995 Neo-fascist organisations in Italy Euronat members Third Position Far-right politics in Italy Right-wing populism in Italy Eurosceptic parties in Italy Nationalist parties in Italy Far-right parties in Europe